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腺肌症是什么

腺肌症(Adenomyosis)是一种良性子宫疾病,其特征是子宫内膜腺体和间质侵入子宫肌层。这种病症常常导致痛经和异常子宫出血。腺肌症的确切病因尚不完全清楚,但可能与激素水平、免疫系统功能异常以及子宫损伤等因素有关。

诊断方法

腺肌症的诊断通常依赖于影像学检查和临床表现。常用的诊断工具包括:

  1. MRI(磁共振成像):MRI可以显示子宫内膜和肌层交界处的低信号强度区域。正常女性的结合带宽度应小于5毫米,而JZmax(结合带最大宽度)大于或等于12毫米可作为腺肌症的诊断标准。

  2. 超声检查:超声可以显示子宫肌层的病变特征,如增大的球形子宫、不对称的肌层增厚、子宫肌瘤、高回声岛等。

  3. 血清CA125水平:腺肌症患者的血清CA125水平显著高于健康人群。

临床意义

腺肌症是一种常见的妇科疾病,虽然是良性的,但会对患者的生活质量产生显著影响。影像学检查如超声和MRI为腺肌症的无创或微创诊断和评估提供了多种解决方案,具有重要的临床意义。

治疗

腺肌症的治疗方法多种多样,包括药物治疗和手术治疗。药物治疗主要包括激素疗法,而手术治疗可能涉及子宫切除术等。

总之,腺肌症是一种需要综合诊断和治疗的疾病,影像学检查在其诊断中起着关键作用。

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