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如何判断产后出血的严重程度?

判断产后出血的严重程度主要依据失血量和临床表现。根据提供的知识,以下是判断产后出血严重程度的关键点:

  1. 失血量

    • 阴道分娩后失血量≥500 mL,剖宫产后失血量≥1000 mL被定义为产后出血。
    • 严重产后出血是指失血量超过1000 mL。
    • 难治性产后出血需要外科手术或介入治疗。
  2. 临床表现

    • 大量阴道流血。
    • 失血性休克的症状,如低血压、心动过速、皮肤苍白、出冷汗等。
  3. 病因和诊断

    • 子宫收缩乏力是最常见的原因。
    • 其他因素包括异常胎盘(如胎盘前置和胎盘植入)。
    • 诊断方法不仅基于分娩期间的失血量,还包括血流动力学变化。
  4. 处理措施

    • 预防性使用缩宫素。
    • 胎盘娩出后按摩子宫。
    • 药物治疗如卡前列素氨丁三醇用于子宫收缩乏力引起的出血。

通过以上标准和措施,可以有效判断和处理产后出血的严重程度,确保及时采取适当的医疗干预。

- RESOURCES -

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